Adapted from Global energy crisis (2021–2023) – Wikipedia
Fill in the blank with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets.
A global energy crisis began in the
1.
Rising energy prices are pushing agricultural costs higher, contributing to increasing food prices 6.
Answer: aftermath
Explanation: The noun ‘aftermath’ refers to the period or consequences following a major event, in this case, the pandemic.
(MATH)
of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, with much of the globe facing
2.
Explanation: The noun ‘aftermath’ refers to the period or consequences following a major event, in this case, the pandemic.
Answer: shortages
Explanation: The noun ‘shortages’ (plural) describes a state where something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts.
(SHORT)
and increased prices in oil, gas and electricity markets. The crisis was caused by a variety of economic factors, including the rapid post-pandemic economic rebound that
3.
Explanation: The noun ‘shortages’ (plural) describes a state where something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts.
Answer: outpaced
Explanation: The verb ‘outpaced’ means to go faster than or exceed something else. Here, demand grew faster than supply.
(PACE)
energy supply, and escalated into a
4.
Explanation: The verb ‘outpaced’ means to go faster than or exceed something else. Here, demand grew faster than supply.
Answer: widespread
Explanation: The adjective ‘widespread’ is used to describe something that is distributed over a large area or among many people.
(SPREAD)
global energy crisis following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The price of natural gas reached
5.
Explanation: The adjective ‘widespread’ is used to describe something that is distributed over a large area or among many people.
Answer: unprecedented
Explanation: The adjective ‘unprecedented’ describes something that has never been known or experienced before.
(PRECEDE)
highs, and as a result, so did electricity in some markets. Oil prices hit their highest level since 2008.Explanation: The adjective ‘unprecedented’ describes something that has never been known or experienced before.
Rising energy prices are pushing agricultural costs higher, contributing to increasing food prices 6.
Answer: worldwide
Explanation: The adverb ‘worldwide’ indicates that the increase in food prices is happening across the entire globe.
(WORLD)
. The agriculture and food industries use energy for various purposes. Direct energy use includes electricity for automated water irrigation, fuel consumption for farm
7.
Explanation: The adverb ‘worldwide’ indicates that the increase in food prices is happening across the entire globe.
Answer: machinery
Explanation: The uncountable noun ‘machinery’ refers to a group of machines used on a farm.
(MACHINE)
and energy required at various stages of food processing, packaging, transportation and distribution. The use of pesticides and mineral
8.
Explanation: The uncountable noun ‘machinery’ refers to a group of machines used on a farm.
Answer: fertilisers
Explanation: The plural noun ‘fertilisers’ refers to substances added to soil to increase its capacity to support plant growth.
(FERTILE)
results in large quantities of indirect energy consumption, with these inputs being highly energy intensive to manufacture. While the share varies considerably between regions, direct and non-direct energy costs can account for 40% to 50% of total
9.
Explanation: The plural noun ‘fertilisers’ refers to substances added to soil to increase its capacity to support plant growth.
Answer: variable
Explanation: In economics, ‘variable costs’ are costs that change in relation to how much a business produces.
(VARY)
costs of cropping in advanced economies such as the United States. Higher energy prices therefore
10.
Explanation: In economics, ‘variable costs’ are costs that change in relation to how much a business produces.
Answer: inescapably
Explanation: The adverb ‘inescapably’ means that the result (higher production costs) cannot be avoided.
(ESCAPE)
translate into higher production costs, and ultimately into higher food prices.
Explanation: The adverb ‘inescapably’ means that the result (higher production costs) cannot be avoided.
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